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feng_liyong
No overwater equipage In developing a DCB response to moving line of convective weather, one option is to route aircraft through a departure area still open via an overwater reroute that will avoid some of the ground delays (and possibly surface congestion). However, the aggregate ATM System response will be flawed if it is predicated on the effect of rerouting aircraft that lack overwater equipment and are unable to accept the route.
最近在看一些民航ICAO资料,请帮我个忙翻译一下可以吗?这一段内容我实在头疼。
feng_liyong
这个网站给了我很大的帮助,可以留下联系邮箱吗?方便以后随时沟通,再次感谢!
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
您好,尝试意译一下,因为没有上下文,我也搞不明白具体是什么意思。。
------
对于没有水上发送DCB讯息设备的飞机来说,想离开对流空气区域,
选择其一是改变航路,穿过仍然开放中的离场区域,以避免地面延误或者拥堵。
但是,目前总体ATM系统反应的缺陷在于,
如果系统是按照对这种没有水上系统的飞机改变航线作出预测,
则会导致系统(或者飞机?)拒绝接受前面所述的改变航线。
------
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
不客气,另外还有什么问题请尽管在这里问好了。
feng_liyong
Multiple aircraft (even if operated by the same airspace user) submit a range of preferences. As illustrated in Figure A11, if airport operation plans landing west and south, aircraft parking east express a preference to land west but aircraft parking west prefer to land south. [Thus aircraft landing west end up on the east side of the airport and aircraft landing south end up on the west side.]
拜托,你能搞得清楚方向吗?还有,这里有一幅图,怎样发给你呢?谢谢!!!!
我先描述一下图:两条南北方向的黑线段代表两条跑道,两个红色箭头 从线段北向指向南向。一条东西方向线段代表一条跑道,一个红色箭头从东指向西。大致就是这样了。
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
仍然无上下文,瞎猜:
多架飞机的降落意愿不同,机场运营方计划从西和南降落,东侧停机坪的飞机希望能从西降下,西侧停机坪的飞机希望从南降下来。。
最终一架从西下来滑到东跑道头,另一架从南下来滑到西侧。。
话说这都是啥资料啊。。
feng liyong
With successful strategic conflict management, the frequency of separation provision actions should be minimized. Separation provision uses an updated trajectory to evaluate for conflicts with hazards. This updated trajectory must reflect the known aircraft state, must reflect clearances to the flight, and may be updated with higher frequency than the shared trajectory as greater accuracy is required for separation
provision than other concept components.
其中separation provision应如何翻译?我觉得含义应该是飞机之间的间隔,但翻成“间隔规定”总觉得有些别扭呢。
feng liyong
Consider trajectory uncertainty to ensure future actions for separation provision are not likely to adversely affect ATM System Performance. Methods include:
Managing the likelihood of conflict occurrence from planned trajectories
Provision of sufficient margin in an trajectory to allow, if necessary, separation provision with minimum impact .
这些是上下文。有助于理解,谢谢,拜托!
老眼昏花 回复给 feng liyong
我看了一下日本电子航法研究所的资料,
他们把"separation provision"翻译成"间隔设定",
感觉"设定间隔","间隔设置"这种说法从字意上也好理解,你觉得如何?
https://www.enri.go.jp/report/hapichi/pdf2006/11-1.pdf
feng_liyong
B.2.1.2 POST-DEPARTURE NEGOTIATION
Flights that are not capable of post-departure negotiation may be provided a re-route during pre-departure planning to minimize the workload and impact during periods with uncertain capacity limitations. As an example, consider Figure B-1. During planning, the specifics of the weather are not known, and airborne re-routing around a future convective weather system may be workload-intensive to ATC. However, flights may wish to plan through the area hoping that the weather will not materialize, or that they may be able to operate through the area due to sparse coverage. Flights that cannot take advantage of post-departure negotiation and the associated execution of the re-route obtain a pre-departure re-route. Flights that are
capable may file through the area with expected convective activity. In-flight these may obtain a re-route in accordance with the more accurate near-real-time weather information.
拜托,再次求助!
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
您具体什么地方没搞明白呢?
feng_liyong
不好意思,搞清楚了
feng_liyong
Prior to take-off, a flight has loaded the clearance into their FMS consistent with the agreed trajectory.
Subsequent to surface movement and prior to take-off, the flight is provided a take-off clearance consistent with the agreed trajectory. The aircraft departs and the trajectory is updated with the actual take-off time for accuracy and shared. New estimated times are more accurate. Aircraft equipped with the capability downlink
an aircraft-derived trajectory to improve the accuracy of the updated trajectory that is shared on the ground.
Flights subject to a time constraint on climb, for example to merge into an overhead flow, depart to meet such a time constraint with minor trajectory modifications in climb.
前面是上下文,最后一段中OVERHEAD FLOW我翻译成高空流量,有点别扭,感觉指的是巡航高度的飞机流量,但不知如何翻译,有没有专业一点的词汇??拜托
feng_liyong
subsequent to take-off, a flight with a time constraint to merge into an overhead stream or meter on departure will be provided a take-off time to do so. Adjustments in the time will be required to compensate for the uncertainty. With higher trajectory accuracy at the time constraint, smaller maneuvers are required on climb to compensate for any uncertainty. When uncertainty is lower on the own- ship and surrounding flights, buffers can also be reduced, allowing a greater level of throughput.
overhead stream or meter on departure不知该如何翻译,meter on departure不明白指的是什么?
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
OVERHEAD FLOW我感觉是比当前高度更上一层的航空交通流的意思,
简短些翻译的话不知道"高层交通流"合不合适?
飞行高度层配备示意图可以看下面的资料
https://yinlei.org/x-plane10/doc/ENR1_7.pdf
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
在美国联邦航空局的网站上找到这样的解说:
http://tfmlearning.fly.faa.gov/publications/atpubs/PCG/M.HTM
METERING- A method of time-regulating arrival traffic flow into a terminal area so as not to exceed a predetermined terminal acceptance rate.
METERING FIX- A fix along an established route from over which aircraft will be metered prior to entering terminal airspace. Normally, this fix should be established at a distance from the airport which will facilitate a profile descent 10,000 feet above airport elevation (AAE) or above.
感觉这里的meter可能相当于上面的METERING FIX,即一个测量定位点,虽然解释里说的是降落的事情。
这里大概是说把起飞航班合并到上面一个高度层流,或者出发测量点吧。
不知道大学里有没有航空英语专业?这些知识太偏了。。
feng_liyong
Constraint
A limitation to free manoeuvring of an aircraft. Limitations are geospatial and temporal in nature and can originate from any GATMOC Component, including AUO (see ICAO Doc.9965, Section 4.4.5 describing operator constraints) as well as from meteorological conditions or local regulations. A constraint can be a trajectory constraint or a generic constraint.
Trajectory constraint
A trajectory constraint limits the freedom of a trajectory by fixing one of its 4D points or segments in one or more dimensions (vertical, lateral, time), with corresponding bounds (“between boundary values”) or direction (“before”, “after”, “above”, etc.) An example is an altitude constraint to avoid restricted airspace.
Generic constraint
A generic constraint consists of known information that limits the solution space for defining a trajectory. Examples include aeronautical information like predefined airspace structures, availability of military airspace for civil use, availability of conditional routes, night curfews, etc. A generic constraint, often caused by restrictions or regulation, may result in a trajectory constraint. Closely associated with constraints are operator preferences which are described in Doc. 9965 in two forms:
Operator preferences
This item includes preferences on operator procedures and other operator specific information impacting manoeuvers and clearances. Unlike operator constraints, the operator would accept these but would prefer not to. Examples include procedures that would adversely affect flight efficiency or a runway preference. This input may or may not be complied with based upon the impact to ATM system performance.
最后一段不明白是什么意思,不能理解,能帮帮我吗?前面是上下文
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
感觉就是要考虑运营商的意愿,不同于具体的限制,运营商即使不愿意也必须遵守。
但是会影响到运营商飞行效率,或者对跑道选择意愿(比如使用某条离自己的航站楼或者停机库距离近的跑道)这些情况,可以根据对ATM系统性能的影响考虑接受或者不接受。
feng_liyong
3.3.1.1 OPEN VERSUS CLOSED CLEARANCES
A closed clearance is an ATC clearance issued to authorise an aircraft to follow a 4D Trajectory. The trajectory is thus deterministic and can be anticipated. These include end-to-end route clearances, “climb via” procedures in the altitude dimension, as well as those ATC clearances resulting in a closed trajectory revision.
For example, a direct from one point to a downstream point allows a continuous trajectory to be constructed, and is therefore a closed clearance.
Clearances that are not closed are said to be open.
An open clearance authorizes or instructs an aircraft to deviate from a 4DT without additional authorization or instruction allowing a new 4DT to be defined. Open clearances include (but are not limited to) heading without a turn-back, track, route or altitude related instructions that need to be closed by a subsequent ATC instruction to allow the flight to complete. Note that information about future clearances (e.g., EXPECT …) cannot be considered a way to close a clearance. Additionally, when a flight is no longer following the aircraft intent, an aircraft-derived trajectory may no longer be available.
While closed clearances are preferred for trajectory-based operations, it is recognized that open clearances may still be required under some circumstances. The following examples illustrate this point:
• A heading instruction may be unsafe to close until an external event happens (e.g. heading needsto be maintained until another aircraft vacates a certain level)
• A pilot cleared to deviate due to weather will probably not be issued a “resume route” clearance until he reports clear of weather
• An aircraft flying a holding pattern can be given an expected time to leave the hold, but will usually not actually be cleared to do so in advance
In these cases, the coordination of a trajectory intention should be achieved as soon as practicable. Even when a flight is operating for some period open-loop, an Agreed Trajectory may be negotiated downstream with tolerances on time to allow the flight to resume operating on the Agreed Trajectory downstream of the open clearance. This Agreed Trajectory allows planning to continue with knowledge of the open clearance effect.
需要帮助,以下内容中heading without a turn-back ,track 不知如何翻译,下两段段多如何理解?谢谢!
Open clearances include (but are not limited to) heading without a turn-back, track, route or altitude related instructions that need to be closed by a subsequent ATC instruction to allow the flight to complete. Note that information about future clearances (e.g., EXPECT …) cannot be considered a way to close a clearance. Additionally, when a flight is no longer following the aircraft intent, an aircraft-derived trajectory may no longer be available.
• A heading instruction may be unsafe to close until an external event happens (e.g. heading needsto be maintained until another aircraft vacates a certain level)
• A pilot cleared to deviate due to weather will probably not be issued a “resume route” clearance until he reports clear of weather
• An aircraft flying a holding pattern can be given an expected time to leave the hold, but will usually not actually be cleared to do so in advance
老眼昏花 回复给 feng_liyong
我的理解是开启一个指令许可(包括航向,航迹,航路,高度等)需要在接下来的ATC指令中被明确关闭。
因此接下来的指令不能被曲解为上一个指令已经关闭。
heading 航向
turn-back 掉头
track 航迹
route 航路
clearances 许可
yimoxuanli
作为外行人感觉挺棒的
yimoxuanli
其实您整理的那个客机驾驶探秘都可以作为一个课外读物出版了。
老眼昏花 回复给 yimoxuanli
谢谢!
那个内容有些老了,波音737-500的例子也有些过时,
如果有人真想出版的话可以重新整理一下,使用最新的机型手册什么的。
whiDJMMm 回复给 老眼昏花
哈哈。我自己整理出了一个小小的PDF在看,就是网页上的高清大图手机上看没那么清晰了,个人最近才接触飞机挺喜欢的,其实一开始是想了解空中交通管制的,后来……
免费看了这么多内容,表示一下感谢。
老眼昏花 回复给 whiDJMMm
谢谢你的留言。
是把网页转换成PDF吗?
在线看网速慢,还是下载成PDF慢慢看比较方便是吗?
whiDJMMm 回复给 老眼昏花
是的呀。把你想要的资料用Word保存。我转成了PDF看很方便。
whiDJMMm 回复给 老眼昏花
转网页的话有些不好调节,可能不够清晰,我先在Word里面调好再用PDF就很好看
老眼昏花 回复给 whiDJMMm
不好意思,我觉得可能博客里照片和图像太多,影响了显示速度。。。
whiDJMMm
哈哈哈。没什么不好意思的,我自己想看就应该自己来弄资料。
您继续连载您的,感觉这个博客做的很棒。加油↖(^ω^)↗
老眼昏花 回复给 whiDJMMm
现在还写博客好像老古董了吧。。
不过有人愿意看我也会继续下去的。
对了,你那里打开一个页面会用多少时间?
5秒以上吗?
whiDJMMm
可能5秒吧,我没测算过。
也可能是我网速比较慢。
这个就可以当一个小站啦。喜欢的时候写写诶也可以。
不然您现在还写么~微博?我可以去关注一下
老眼昏花 回复给 whiDJMMm
微博有,但基本就是博客的链接,没什么内容。
我自己在iPhone上用4G测量,基本都在1-2秒以内显示,所以就没太注意性能问题,加了很多图。
以后要考虑一下这个问题。
whiDJMMm
其实我很喜欢这些图,都是自己拍的,看得出很用心。虽然显示慢一点,但是感觉很值得。
微博写东西感觉写着写着就没劲了(个人感觉)
我手机要快一些,加载出来的话,主要是我喜欢用电脑看,很多图像和文字视觉效果都更好。电脑主要是从一个链接到另一个链接会慢一点。
老眼昏花 回复给 whiDJMMm
多谢你的留言,如果有什么要求还请多提意见建议。
感觉微博微信就像快餐,容易消费,实时性强,适于收集信息;
博客可以慢慢写,慢慢看,但交互性差,当资料查方便些吧。
各有优缺点。
ushuz
刚开始接触模拟飞行,能在无意间发现贵博客,实在是太幸运了。内容和教程非常有条理,还提供了持续更新的航图信息。非常感谢博主的分享。
老眼昏花 回复给 ushuz
不客气,多谢你的留言!
sam 回复给 老眼昏花
但是,目前总体ATM系统反应的缺陷在于,
如果系统的预测对象是没有水上系统而无法接受该航路的飞机,预测就会出现问题。
sam 回复给 老眼昏花
With successful strategic conflict management, the frequency of separation provision actions should be minimized. Separation provision uses an updated trajectory to evaluate for conflicts with hazards. This updated trajectory must reflect the known aircraft state, must reflect clearances to the flight, and may be updated with higher frequency than the shared trajectory as greater accuracy is required for separation
provision than other concept components.
若有成功的战略冲突规避管理系统,就能有效的避免“防止突破安全间隔而进行的应急规避行为”。“该行为”采用升级版的预测飞行轨迹功能,能有效评估潜在飞行冲突风险。预测飞行轨迹的功能 应能自行把航空器的当时状态,及管制员给与航空器的指令所造成的潜在影响(该指令可能造成航空器冲突,而该功能能把该指令因素也考虑进去)作为相关因素纳入“规避行为”中,这样就能更真实的做出碰撞风险判断 - 例如管制员让航空器下降至某高度层,航空器虽然还没开始下降,但下方确实有其它航空器,系统预先对管制员的指令进行计算,认为管制员的指令可能让飞机发生冲突,就能提供有效告警,然而在旧的计算抛面中,是无法识别管制员的错误危险指令的。 该功能需要更频繁的升级,而且是比其他的共享通用轨迹更频繁的升级,才能提供更准确的飞行轨迹,以进行更精准的突破安全间隔预测告警,
老眼昏花 回复给 sam
真能作到这样战略性的冲突规避管理系统真是太厉害了。
多谢您的翻译!!
Missy
Hi,
我是台灣Garmin行銷部的Missy
我們有興趣想和您進一步聊聊合作的可能,不曉得您是否有興趣呢?
再麻煩和我聯繫!謝謝
老眼昏花 回复给 Missy
多謝您的留言。剛才已經回信,請檢查。
謝謝
Joe
您好
請問有機會可對[加航787-8,註冊號C-GHPQ。注意這是加航的第一架787,編號為801]這張圖授權用於非營利目的使用嗎?
敬祈回覆,謝謝
老眼昏花 回复给 Joe
您好,可以的。
请问您的具体用途是什么呢?
9194
你好,请问一下可以考虑通过捐赠来允许捐赠者下载aip的zip吗,谢谢了(可能得麻烦用邮件回复了,不好意思)
老眼昏花 回复给 9194
可以的!我会通过邮箱联系下载地址的。
9194 回复给 老眼昏花
捐赠后怎么获取下载地址呢
老眼昏花 回复给 9194
请稍等,我打包一下然后发邮件给你
ywxkjtdd 回复给 老眼昏花
有没有黔江武陵山机场图,求一份
老眼昏花 回复给 ywxkjtdd
不是国际机场的都没有
耿天
您好,我是正在努力学习民航知识的航大学子。最近正在学习航图,教科书上使用的是宁波栎社的航图。但是版本跟现在的有很大出入,我很好奇航路是如何一步步变化到现在这样的。所以请问您有往年的宁波栎社资料备份吗,方便发一份给我吗。
老眼昏花 回复给 耿天
2018年的不知道可以不?
https://yinlei.org/x-plane10/view.php?file=doc/ZSNB-old.pdf